Why the study?
Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) typically carries a poor long-term prognosis, prompting the report and exploration of potential adverse drug mechanisms in long-term survivors.
Long-term use of corticosteroids and cytosine arabinoside in dogs may be associated with fatal mineralized pulmonary artery thrombi.
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Clinicians should consider mineralized pulmonary thrombi in dogs with respiratory signs on long-term corticosteroids and cytarabine; leaves open causality.
Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) is a relatively common and very serious canine neurologic condition, which is typically associated with a poor long term prognosis despite treatment. This case series chronicles two dogs diagnosed with MUO who were treated with long term corticosteroids and cytosine arabinoside and lived well-beyond the typical survival time for this condition. Both eventually succumbed to respiratory signs associated with mineralized thrombi in their pulmonary arteries. Adverse effects from the two drugs used for treatment are reviewed in order to propose a possible mechanism to explain how long term use of these medications could result in such a phenomenon.
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Rosen et al. (2020) studied this question.
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