What does this research mean for the field?

Substituting the static speed of light squared constant with the dynamic Dewhirst Horizon Relation resolves the Hubble Tension, eliminates the need for Dark Energy, and recalculates the age of the universe to approximately 14.12 billion years. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.CONTRADICTORY. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.CHALLENGES_CONSENSUS.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate whether replacing the static speed of light squared constant with a dynamic macro-to-micro spacetime horizon ratio can resolve the Hubble tension and refine universal expansion timelines.

August 24, 2026Open Access

The Dewhirst Horizon Relation: Resolving the Hubble Tension and Recalculating Cosmic Expansion Timelines

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To evaluate whether replacing the static speed of light squared constant with a dynamic macro-to-micro spacetime horizon ratio can resolve the Hubble tension and refine universal expansion timelines.
Substituted the static velocity constant ($c^2$) in cosmic expansion equations with the dynamic Dewhirst Coefficient ($\Omega_D$).
Modelled the universal expansion gradient across cosmic time to reconcile observational datasets from the local universe and the Cosmic Microwave Background.
Eliminated the mathematical discrepancy between local and ancient Hubble constant measurements without invoking an ad-hoc dark energy constant.
Shifted the standard cosmic timeline by approximately +2.4%, establishing an updated universal age of approximately 14.12 billion years and providing a 920-million-year window for early star formation.

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Implication

Theoretical analysis reveals dynamic spacetime horizon scaling resolves the Hubble tension, suggesting the universe is approximately 14.12 billion years old without dark energy.

Cite This Study

Richard Stephen Dewhirst (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8c009fbca056c88e6df6de https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22056846

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Implication

Theoretical analysis reveals dynamic spacetime horizon scaling resolves the Hubble tension, suggesting the universe is approximately 14.12 billion years old without dark energy.

The Dewhirst Horizon Relation: Resolving the Hubble Tension and Recalculating Cosmic Expansion Timelines

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Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

The Dewhirst Horizon Relation: Resolving the Hubble Tension and Recalculating Cosmic Expansion Timelines

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

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