MRI Analysis of Cardiac Fat, Abdominal Adiposity and Cardiac Function After Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes

Figures

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  FIGURE 1. Representative MRI images illustrating segmentation of adipose tissue compartments and hepatic fat fraction. (A) Pericardial adipose tissue is outlined in purple and was contoured separately from the myocardial surface to the external border of the paracardial adipose tissue. (B) Epicardial adipose tissue is delineated in purple and lies between the myocardial surface and the visceral layer of the pericardium. (C) Subcutaneous adipose tissue (red) and visceral adipose tissue (green) are segmented in an abdominal cross‐section slice. (D) Hepatic fat fraction is assessed by averaging regions of interest (blue). These segmentations were performed using automated and manual contouring techniques to quantify adipose tissue distribution.

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  FIGURE 2. Effect of VSG on fat distribution. Body fat percent (A), PAT (B), EAT (C), SAT (D), VAT (E) and HFF (F) changes at 3‐ and 12‐months post‐surgery. Data are represented with box and whisker plots showing median and all data points min to max. Statistical significance: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01; and are adjusted for weight loss. EAT, epicardial adipose tissue; HFF, hepatic fat fraction; PAT, pericardial adipose tissue; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.

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  FIGURE 3. Percent change in MRI analysed fat depots 12 months post‐VSG. Data are presented as mean ± SE. Fat depots analysed include total body fat, pericardial adipose tissue (PAT), epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and hepatic fat fraction (HFF). All fat depots demonstrated a reduction, with the greatest percentage decrease observed in HFF. Statistical significance *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 for percent change from baseline to 12 months and are adjusted for weight loss.