Protective effects of silver nanoparticles in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats

Figures

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  FIGURE 1. The timeline of in vivo study.

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  FIGURE 2. Color change of the reaction system (a) before and (b) after gamma irradiation and (c) the UV–Vis spectrum of colloidal AgNPs. AgNPs, silver nanoparticles.

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  FIGURE 3. (A) The TEM imaging and (B) particle size distribution of the AgNPs. (C) Hydrodynamic diameters and (D) zeta potential of colloidal AgNPs. TEM, transmission electron microscopy; AgNPs, silver nanoparticles.

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  FIGURE 4. The effects of AgNO3 and AgNPs on CK-MB (A) and LDH (B) on Iso-induced MI in rats. Each column represents the mean ± SEM of six rats. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey multiple comparison test. ***P < 0.001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05. CK-MB, creatinine phosphokinase isoenzyme; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; Iso, isoproterenol; AgNO3, silver ion; AgNPs, silver nanoparticles.

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  FIGURE 5. H&E staining of the cardiac tissue isolated from the rat in the normal group, or treated with Iso ± AGNO3 or AgNPs. (a-d) were presented as 200 × magnification and representative images from (e–g) (black rectangle) were 40 × magnification. Scale bar = 100 μm. Yellow circle shows myofibril waviness, green circle shows interstitial edema, asterisk indicates eosinophil infiltration, and blue arrow points to necrotic cardiomyocytes. The (a,e) normal, (b,f) Iso-treated, (c,g) Iso + AgNO3-treated, and (d,h) Iso + AgNPs-treated rat groups.

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  FIGURE 6. The effects of AgNO3 and AgNPs on the level of MDA in cardiac tissue (A), SOD activity in cardiac tissue (B), and the TAOC level (C) in serum. Each column represents the mean ± SEM of six rats. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey multiple comparison test. ****P < 0.0001; **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05. Iso, isoproterenol; AgNO3, silver ion; AgNPs, silver nanoparticles.

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  FIGURE 7. The effects of AgNO3 and AgNPs on the mRNA expressions of TFAM (A) and PGC-1α (B). Each column represents the mean relative mRNA expression ± SEM of six rats. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey multiple comparison test. *P < 0.05. Iso, isoproterenol; AgNO3, silver ion; AgNPs, silver nanoparticles.

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  FIGURE 8. Representative western blot gel in the cardiac tissue of GAPDH, NF-κB, and NLRP3 (A,C); quantified band analysis of NF-κB and NLRP3 protein expression (B,D). The quantified result was normalized to GAPDH expression. Data analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey multiple comparison test. *P < 0.05. Iso, isoproterenol; AgNO3, silver ion; AgNPs, silver nanoparticles.