Review demonstrates variable diagnostic accuracy across paratuberculosis assays in dairy herds, highlighting purpose-dependent selection of serology and molecular tests.
Diagnosis of chronic bacterial diseases like paratuberculosis is a major challenge in dairy herds. ELISA for the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis(MAP) specific antibodies and direct fecal PCR for detection of MAP are regularly used for diagnosis of subclinical infections and are recommended for demonstration of the population or individual animal freedom from MAP infection. For confirmation of clinical cases culture, histopathology and PCR are recommended. For estimation of prevalence/ surveillance, ELISA is recommended. The relative merits and shortcomings of the available methods for paratuberculosis diagnosis are reviewed in the context of purpose of testing.
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Chaitanya et al. (2022) studied this question.
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