The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Rehabilitation Therapy Based on Stress Immunization Training on Metacognitions and Coping Styles in Women with Type 2 Diabetes

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic medical condition characterized by relative insulin imbalance due to pancreatic beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance in target organs. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral rehabilitation treatment based on stress immunization training on metacognitions and coping styles in women with type 2 diabetes. Methods: This quasi-experimental study utilized a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of women with type 2 diabetes in Sari. A total of 30 women were purposefully selected from patients referred to the office of Dr. Mashayekh Bakhshi, a specialist in endocrinology and metabolism. These participants were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. Data were collected using the Metacognition questionnaire and the Coping Styles questionnaire. Results: Demographic findings showed that the mean (and standard deviation) age of participants was 32.933 (7.759) in the experimental group and 36.733 (9.254) in the control group. The results indicated that cognitive-behavioral rehabilitation treatment based on stress immunization training significantly improved metacognitions and coping styles in women with type 2 diabetes (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Cognitive-behavioral rehabilitation based on stress immunization training encourages patients with diabetes to reduce negative spontaneous thoughts related to depression and correct their self-talk. This process reduces negative metacognitions, adjusts emotional strategies, and enhances problem-solving strategies in patients with diabetes, ultimately alleviating their challenges.