Surface plasmon modes of finite, planar, metal-insulator-metal plasmonic waveguides

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The numerical analysis of finite planar metal-insulator-metal waveguide structures using the transfer-matrix formalism reveals both bound and leaky surface plasmon (SP) modes. The dispersion relations, propagation lengths and confinement factors of these SP modes are presented. The highest energy SP mode consists of non-radiative (bound) and radiative (leaky) portions separated by a spectral gap. The leaky regime is further divided into antenna and reactive mode regions. The antenna mode may be used for both free-space coupling and beam steering devices.