Thrombolysis: Observations and numerical models

This perspective paper considers thrombolysis in the context of ischemic strokes, intending to build eventually a numerical model capable of simulating the thrombolytic treatment and predicting patient outcomes. Numerical modeling is a scientific methodology based on an abstraction of a system but requires understanding their spatio-temporal interactions. However, although important, the current knowledge on thrombolysis is fragmented in contributions from which it is difficult to obtain a complete picture of the process, especially in a clinically relevant setup. This paper discusses, from a general point of view, how to develop a numerical model to describe the evolution of a patient clot under the action of a thrombolytic drug. We will present critical, yet fundamental, open questions that have emerged during this elaboration and discuss original experimental observations that challenge some of our current knowledge of thrombolysis.