A two-dimensional (r, ϑ) numerical model has been developed to describe free convection in horizontal high-pressure arcs consisting primarily of mercury vapor confined in quartz arc tubes. The calculated vertical location of the hot core of the arc was found to agree with experiments within 1–2 mm, both with and without an applied transverse magnetic field to force the arc downward. An energy balance calculation of the quartz wall has been used to determine the quartz wall temperature distribution. For somewhat constricted mercury plus iodine arcs, two stable arc configurations were found to exist over a range of applied transverse magnetic fields.
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McLain et al. (1981) studied this question.
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