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Polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells with long operating lifetimes (see figure) are reported. The ions inside the luminescent semiconducting polymer are spatially redistributed by applying a voltage at a temperature above the melting point of the ionic liquid. These ionic-liquid-based light-emitting electrochemical cells also exhibit excellent current-rectification diode properties, a single-phase active layer, and short response times.
Bazan et al. (2007) studied this question.