Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
The properties of the liquid-vapor interface for three simple liquids (water, carbon tetrachloride, and methanol) have been measured using x-ray reflectivity. The measured surface roughness is interpreted using a model that combines the effects of thermally induced capillary waves and the dimensions of the constituent molecules.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Braslau et al. (1988) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: