Clinical and Angiographic Evaluation of the Resolute Zotarolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent in Japanese Patients

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of the RESOLUTE(TM)zotarolimus-eluting stent (R-ZES; Medtronic, Inc, Santa Rosa, CA, USA) in Japanese patients for the treatment of de novo native coronary lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Both RESOLUTE Japan (R-Japan) and RESOLUTE Japan Small Vessel Study (R-Japan SVS) were prospective, multicenter, single-arm observational studies. R-Japan enrolled 100 patients (reference vessel diameter, 2.5-3.5 mm) and R-Japan SVS enrolled 65 patients (at least 1 lesion suitable for 2.25-mm stent) treated with R-ZES. In R-Japan, in-stent late lumen loss (LLL; the primary endpoint) at 8 months was 0.12 ± 0.22 mm and volume obstruction on intravascular ultrasound was 2.33 ± 3.51%. At 4 years, there were no cases of clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR); the target lesion failure (TLF; composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and clinically driven TLR) was 5.6% (5/90). In R-Japan SVS, in-stent LLL at 9 months was 0.27 ± 0.33 mm, TLF (primary endpoint) was 4.6% (3/65), without incidence of TLR. At 3 years, TLF was 7.9% (5/63) and clinically driven TLR, 3.2% (2/63). CONCLUSIONS: R-Japan and R-Japan SVS demonstrate substantial suppression of neointimal hyperplasia, low LLL, and excellent and sustained long-term clinical outcome with R-ZES in Japanese patients.