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Chemical fingerprint analysis uncovers distinct profiles of industrial contaminants across duck farm agro-ecosystems, highlighting diverse chemical pollution sources.
A non-targeted UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS workflow was applied to six matrices from two duck farms in Hunan, China. A total of 3,352 chemical features were obtained, and 209 anthropogenic contaminants were annotated (60 at Schymanski Level 2 and 149 at Level 3). Chemical and industrial compounds accounted for 77.5% of the annotated contaminants. PCA separated the six matrices; after matrix-effect removal, the two farms were significantly discriminated (p = 0.0015). Farm 1 was characterized by plasticizer- and pharmaceutical-related compounds, whereas Farm 2 showed higher responses of dye-intermediate- and surfactant-related compounds. This workflow provides technical support for composite pollution investigation and risk screening in duck farms.
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song et al. (2026) studied this question.
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