Head protection in cricket: Analysis of helmet materials for reducing traumatic brain injury risk

From the ancient Olympic Games to contemporary global competitions, sports fulfill multiple functions beyond simple physical exercise. They constitute a powerful vehicle for personal development, social interaction, and cultural expression. From a physiological perspective, sports contribute to improved cardiovascular function, enhanced muscular strength, refined coordination, and maintenance of optimal body composition. Cricket stands as one of the most prominent sports globally, wherein athletes utilize protective helmets that serve a critical function in mitigating impact forces. The present research investigates the performance implications of three distinct materials, namely Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene (ABS), fiberglass, and aluminum 6061-T6, on cricket helmet impact resistance under dynamic loading conditions. The findings elucidate the distribution patterns of elastic and plastic strains and stresses throughout the impact event. The obtained elastic strains for ABS, fiberglass, and aluminum 6061-T6 are 0.16, 0.02, and 0.58, respectively. In addition, using fiberglass results in higher induced stresses around 1500% compared to the aluminum alloy. Furthermore, the quantitative data presented in this study provide valuable insights to inform material selection decisions for cricket helmet manufacturing processes.