Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Produced Using Green Synthesis Technology as Antibacterial Drugs

— The emergence of drug resistance in microbial cells is a serious public health problem. Therefore, the development of new alternative antibacterial agents to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria is becoming increasingly important. The rapid development of nanotechnology and nanoparticle synthesis has facilitated the emergence of new strategies for combating microbial cells. Silver nanoparticles, which possess antibacterial activity, are particularly valuable. Nanoparticle synthesis involves various physical and chemical methods using toxic reagents that pollute the environment. Therefore, cost-effective alternative processes for synthesizing nanomaterials using biological systems, biological or “green” nanoparticle synthesis, are being actively developed. Natural biological sources, including fungi, bacteria, plants, animal cells, viruses, and their metabolites, can be used for green nanoparticle synthesis. The use of biological objects to create inorganic nanoparticles is a relatively new area of biotechnology. Green synthesis of noble metal nanoparticles is a vast and growing area of research. This paper presents the basic principles of green synthesis technology for producing silver nanoparticles, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of its application. The potential for using nanoparticles obtained using green synthesis technology as antimicrobial agents is discussed.