Key result
Fatty liver disease, encompassing NAFLD and ALD, represents a histological spectrum from isolated steatosis to cirrhosis, with pathogenesis involving cytokines, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and histopathology of non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Informs histologic staging of fatty liver disease; leaves open validation of pathogenesis targets in trials.
Fatty liver disease includes non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD), each of which is increasing in prevalence. Each represents a histological spectrum that extends from isolated steatosis to steatohepatitis and cirrhosis. NAFLD is associated with obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance, and is considered to be the liver manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. The pathogenesis of NAFLD and ALD involves cytokines, adipokines, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Histopathology is the gold standard for assessing the severity of liver damage in NAFLD and ALD. We have reviewed the literature, and described and compared the epidemiology, natural disease history, pathogenesis and histopathology of NAFLD and ALD.
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Levene et al. (2012) conducted a review in Fatty liver disease (NAFLD and ALD). Fatty liver disease, encompassing NAFLD and ALD, represents a histological spectrum from isolated steatosis to cirrhosis, with pathogenesis involving cytokines, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
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