Survey study reveals that emotional and health vulnerabilities strongly predict dropout intentions in engineering students, highlighting key non-academic persistence barriers.
Structural vulnerability reflects cumulative constraints limiting persistence in higher education. This study validates the Engineering Vulnerability Scale (EVS) and examines factors associated with dropout intention among 206 engineering students at resource-constrained Mexican universities. Reliability, construct coherence, and predictors were assessed using Cronbach’s α, Spearman correlations, and logistic regression. Emotional (OR = 3.02, p < .001) and health vulnerabilities (OR = 3.53, p < .001) were the strongest predictors, followed by institutional (OR = 1.65, p < .05) and academic vulnerability (OR = 1.54, p < .05); economic vulnerability was nonsignificant. The EVS provides an equity-oriented framework for Latino higher education.
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Flores-Godínez et al. (2026) studied this question.
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