Theoretical review demonstrates progress in lattice QCD simulations at non-vanishing baryon densities, highlighting methods to overcome the sign problem.
Lattice QCD has been a robust tool to solve the theory of strong interactions both in vacuum and at high energy densities. It computed the order and the temperature of the crossover between the hadronic phase and quark gluon plasma. However, its predictive power for non-vanishing baryon density is severely limited by the infamous sign problem. This work is a brief summary of recent progress in lattice simulations towards higher densities in an effort to chart the QCD phase diagram.
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Borsányi et al. (2026) studied this question.
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