An accurate multidirectional structural testing system is developed. This testing system is used to carry out a multidirectional pseudodynamic test with the help of a unique three-dimensional hinge and a spatial truss-type transducer. With this testing system, multidirectional seismic behaviors of thin-walled circular steel columns are examined in comparison with their in-plane behavior. Further, the accuracy of the testing system is confirmed by the numerical results of nonlinear FEM shell analyses.
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Obata et al. (2007) studied this question.
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