Evaluation of Postoperative Accuracy and Relapse Extent in Orthognathic Surgery Patients: A Case Control Study

Objective: The success of orthognatic surgery depends on careful physical examination, correct diagnosis and good treatment planning. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of presurgical orthognatic planning and postoperative outcomes in single jaw or double jaw orthognathic surgery cases operated on in the Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University Dentistry Faculty Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Material and Methods: A total of 34 Class III patients were grouped in the form of bimaxillary osteotomy (Group 1), single jaw mandibular osteotomy with mandibular set-back (Group 2) and single jaw maxillary osteotomy with maxillary advancement (Group 3). Orthodontic analysis and measurements were performed on preoperative (T0), immediate postoperative (T1), 6 months (T2) and 12 months (T3) lateral cephalometric radiographs. Results: Based on multivariate analyses, there was no statistically significant difference in any of the groups between our T1-T0 values (p>0.05), with the exception of the distance of the ANS point from the vertical reference point (p=0.004). To evaluate the recurrence rates, the values between the T2- T1 and the T3-T1 periods were examined, and were not found to be statistically significant. However in Group 1, T3-T1 differences with regard to VR-ANS (p=0.003) and VR-L1 (p=0.033) showed a statistically significant recurrence. Conclusion: This study showed that the orthognathic surgical plan resulting from the methods we used were transferred to the surgery correctly. In addition, besides the postoperative orthodontic treatment, our techniques for fixation and osteotomy were effective in reducing the potential for relapse.