Key result
Non-invasive ventilation significantly reduced the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation to 3.33% compared to 20% with conventional oxygen therapy in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD.
Why the study?
Does non-invasive ventilation improve physiological parameters in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD and mild to moderate type 2 respiratory failure?
Observational (n=60)
Simple random sampling
No
Does non-invasive ventilation improve physiological parameters in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD and mild to moderate type 2 respiratory failure?
Absolute Event Rate: 3.33% vs 20%
p-value: p=0.04
Non-invasive ventilation in acute exacerbation of COPD with mild to moderate type 2 respiratory failure improves physiological parameters and reduces the duration of oxygen therapy.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a syndrome of progressive airflow limitation caused by abnormal inflammatory reaction of airway and lung parenchyma. Risk factor for development of COPD is a complex interaction of genetic factors and many environmental exposures, with the cigarette smoking being the most common etiological agent. It is a prospective observational comparative study conducted among patient with mild to moderate type 2 respiratory failure, secondary to acute exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease admitted in chest ward department of Respiratory medicine, Late Shri Lakhi Ram Agrawal Memorial Medical College, Raigarh, Chhattisgarh, India for a period of one year from April 2020- April 2021. A total 60 patients were studied. Out of which, 30 patients in study group for whom non-invasive ventilation support along with conventional treatment was given and remaining 30 patients in comparison group, same treatment was given without non-invasive ventilation support. Both groups had similar demographic, clinical, biochemical profile at the time of admission. Distribution of comorbidities, smoking history were similar as shown below in tables. After application of Non-invasive ventilation along with conventional treatment in study group, the result showed that mean hours of NIV use in study group was 27 hours and mean hours of Oxygen use in comparison group was 98 hours. Use of non-invasive ventilation in acute exacerbation of COPD, with mild to moderate type 2 respiratory failure, reduced tachypnoea, tachycardia, after 4 hours. There were improvement in oxygen saturation after 4 hours, improvement in PH also occurred after 4 hours by 0.04. Non-invasive ventilation gives rest to fatigued inspiratory muscle so work of breathing is reduced. It also restores functional and biochemical changes associated with fatigued muscle so all complication were reduced with use of non- invasive ventilation.
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Chakraborty et al. (2021) conducted an observational in Acute exacerbation of COPD with mild to moderate type 2 respiratory failure (n=60). Non-invasive ventilation vs. Conventional treatment with oxygen inhalation was evaluated on Need for intubation and mechanical ventilation (p=0.04). Non-invasive ventilation significantly reduced the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation to 3.33% compared to 20% with conventional oxygen therapy in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD.
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