Effect of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine on Renal Function in Patients Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass Graft Surgery Under Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Acute kidney injury (AKI) post-cardiac surgeries happens as a prompt deterioration in renal function subsequent to cardiac surgery including cardiopulmonary bypass graft surgery (CABG). This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine on renal function in patients undergoing CABG by using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods. This Double-blinded randomized clinical trial study was performed on 58 patients who were candidates for CABG in Namazi Hospital of Shiraz. In the dexmedetomidine group, dexmedetomidine infusion at a dose of 0.5 μg/kg/h without a loading dose, and in the control group placebo was initiated. After the end of surgery and ICU admission and on days 2 and 3 postoperatively, serum BUN, Cr, and eGFR levels, also urine output, Inotrope usage, and packed red blood cells (PRBC) consumption were recorded. SPSS software 24 was used for data analysis. Results. No significant differences were observed in any of the steps in serum creatinine levels between the two groups (P > 0.05). A significant difference in serum BUN levels was observed between the two groups except for the third day (P <0.05). Heterogeneity was seen in preoperative BUN in the two groups. There was no significant difference between the mean of eGFR in the dexmedetomidine and control groups over time (P >0.05). There was a significant difference between the mean urine output in the two groups only on the second day (P = 0.04). There was no significant difference in PRBC intake and inotrope usage between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion. The findings of this study indicate that dexmedetomidine does not affect the renal function of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. According to the findings, dexmedetomidine can increase the urine output of patients during surgery. However, it has no positive effect on the postoperative period.