Organic (poly)phosphonates are additives in water treatment that find broad use as mineral scale and corrosion inhibitors for a plethora of industrial applications. The phenomenon of precipitation of scale inhibitors has been studied intensively. This study reports the synthesis, characterization, and crystal structure of a Ca salt of AMP (AMP = Amino-tris-Methylene Phosphonate). Ca-AMP crystals are monoclinic, space group P 2 1 n with unit cell dimensions, a = 11.3382(5) Å, b = 8.4555(4) Å, c = 15.5254(7) Å, β = 90.6551 o , V = 1488.33(12) Å 3 and Z = 4. The structure is polymeric due to chelation of multiple Ca ions by AMP. The Ca 2 + center is slightly distorted octahedral and is surrounded by five phosphonate oxygens and a water molecule. CaO(P) bond lengths range from 2.2924(14) to 2.3356(14) Å. The CaO(H 2 O) bond distance is 2.3693(17). Each phosphonate group is monodeprotonated, and the nitrogen atom is protonated. CaCO 3 inhibition and crystal modification by AMP are also reported, together with synergistic effects with polyacrylate-based terpolymers.
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Demadis et al. (2004) studied this question.
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