Application of a hybrid method for scattering of P, SV, and Rayleigh waves by near-surface irregularities

Application of a hybrid method to problems of diffraction of plane harmonic P , SV , and Rayleigh waves by subsurface irregularities of arbitrary shape is investigated. Special emphasis is made to irregularities in the form of dipping layers of arbitrary shape. The method presented in this paper combines the finite element method with an indirect boundary integral equation approach. The accuracy and efficiency of the method are demonstrated through several numerical examples. The numerical results presented are in excellent agreement with the ones derived by other methods. It is found that the numerical efficiency of the hybrid method is superior in general to that of boundary integral equation methods.