Boundary layer analysis of persistent moving horizontal needle in magnetohydrodynamic ferrofluid: A numerical study

The boundary layer analysis of a 2D forced convection flow along a persistent moving horizontal needle in electrically conducting magnetohydrodynamic dissipative ferrofluid is investigated. The energy equation is constructed with the Joule heating, variable heat source/sink and dissipation effects. To check the variation in the boundary layer behaviour, we considered the two ferrofluids namely, Fe 3 O 4 -methanol and Fe 3 O 4 -water. The reduced system of governing PDEs are solved by employing the R-K process. Computational results of the flow and energy transport are interpreted with the assistance of tabular and graphical illustrations. Increasing the needle size significantly reduces the flow and thermal fields of both nanofluids. In particular, thermal and velocity fields of Fe 3 O 4 -methanol nanofluid is highly depreciated when equated with the Fe 3 O 4 -water nanofluid.