Two-Dimensional Magnetization Characteristics.

In conventional magnetic measurement, only the same components of the magnetic flux density B and the magnetic field intensity H in the excited direction are measured. In short, the measured values are dealt with as scalars. Since it is well known that B and H have a phase difference in space, the values should be dealt with as vectors. We have used a two-dimensional magnetic measurement apparatus to understand the magnetization process of B and H precisely. In the conventional method, when the excited direction does not correspond to the rolling direction, the locus of the vectors of B is not an alternating flux; that is, it becomes a loop. Therefore, the iron loss in the conventional method is different from that in the two-dimensional measurement method.