Fourier transform infrared Hadamard tomography of sooting flames

An experimental technique is described that combines tomography, Hadamard signal encodement, and a patented Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) emission/transmission (E/T) technique to perform simultaneous spatially resolved gas species and soot measurements during combustion. Tomographic analysis of line-of-sight FT-IR data allows spatially resolved measurements to be made. Hadamard encodement of the tomographic sections increases the overall signal throughput, improving the signal to noise (S/N) ratio for each measurement. The Hadamard technique leads to a major simplification in the tomographic apparatus in that the scanning apparatus that would normally be required is eliminated, and focusing of the infrared light is much easier. An experiment demonstrating Hadamard data processing as applied to FT-IR tomography is described. Deconvolution of the encoded data is shown to be accurate and gives the predicted improvement in S/N ratio. The FT-IR Hadamard tomography is performed to measure soot in a fuel-rich diffusion flame. Spatially resolved concentration measurements agree well with previous data, and clearly show striking three-dimensional features that could not normally be measured by simple line-of-sight techniques.