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Thin-film photovoltaic (PV) solar cells based on Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) have two key distinctive features: highest performance of any true thin-film solar cell (18·8% efficient) and leading performance on the module level. There is no evidence of limits to further improvement of the efficiency. Device stability is not curtailed by intrinsic material properties. The obstacles to large-scale production and commercialization of Cu(In,Ga)Se2-based modules are the complexity of the material and the manufacturing processes. Published in 2000 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Schock et al. (2000) studied this question.
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