What question did this study set out to answer?

Evaluate acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance performance indicators to assess the system's capacity for detecting wild poliovirus and vaccine-derived poliovirus transmission.

June 15, 2021BMC Public HealthOpen Access

Evaluation of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance indicators in Sokoto state, Nigeria, 2012–2019: a secondary data analysis

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Why the study?

Although Nigeria was certified free of Wild Polio Virus in 2020, low immunity in some Sokoto communities causes outbreaks of circulating Vaccine Derived Polio Virus, prompting evaluation of the state's Acute Flaccid Paralysis surveillance indicators.

Population

3001 reported Acute Flaccid Paralysis cases in Sokoto state, Nigeria

Design

Retrospective secondary data analysis of routinely collected surveillance data

Authors

IRIsmail Abdullateef RajiUsmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto AAAbdulrahman AhmadSokoto State University SGSaheed GidadoTampere University

Discussion

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Implication

Affirms robust AFP surveillance capacity in Sokoto; leaves open whether data quality gaps limit long-term reliability.

Key Points

Evaluate acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance performance indicators to assess the system's capacity for detecting wild poliovirus and vaccine-derived poliovirus transmission.
Conducted a retrospective secondary data analysis of routinely collected AFP surveillance data from 2012 to 2019 (N=3,001 cases) in Sokoto State, Nigeria.
Evaluated surveillance performance against WHO-standard indicators, including non-polio AFP rates, stool adequacy rates, collection timeliness, and laboratory transit conditions.
Among 3,001 reported AFP cases, 56.4% (n=1,692) were male, 82.4% (n=2,478) were under five years of age, 59.1% presented with initial fever, and 63.7% exhibited asymmetric paralysis.
System sensitivity exceeded targets, with non-polio AFP rates ranging from 9.1 to 23.5 per 100,000 children under 15 years and stool adequacy rates maintaining between 92.5% and 100%.
Core logistical indicators—early stool collection, timely transit, and optimal arrival condition—consistently surpassed the WHO minimum benchmark of 80%, despite documentation deficits in suspected case profiles.

Structured PICO

Population

3,001 Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) cases reported in Sokoto state, Nigeria, between 2012 and 2019

Outcome

AFP surveillance performance indicators (including non-polio AFP rate and stool adequacy rate)

Sokoto State's AFP surveillance system exceeded WHO minimum standards between 2012 and 2019, indicating sufficient sensitivity to detect poliovirus reintroduction.

Limitations

Incomplete data entry with missing clinical and immunization history
Lack of information on the timeliness of specimen processing and laboratory result dissemination

Cite This Study

Raji et al. (2021) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a907077fecd36257390affd https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11238-1

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Evaluation of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance indicators in Sokoto state, Nigeria, 2012–2019: a secondary data analysis

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

Evaluation of acute flaccid paralysis surveillance indicators in Sokoto state, Nigeria, 2012–2019: a secondary data analysis

Discussion

Member takes

Implication

Key Points

Structured PICO

Limitations

Cite This Study

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