What question did this study set out to answer?

To identify clinical associations and explore potential biological mechanisms through which maximum tolerated dose hydroxyurea reduces malaria incidence in African children with sickle cell anemia.

November 14, 2022BloodOpen Access

Hydroxyurea treatment is associated with lower malaria incidence in children with sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa

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To identify clinical associations and explore potential biological mechanisms through which maximum tolerated dose hydroxyurea reduces malaria incidence in African children with sickle cell anemia.
Conducted within the REACH trial (NCT01966731) evaluating hydroxyurea at maximum tolerated dose in 606 children with sickle cell anemia across Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, and Uganda.
Tracked 3387 patient-years of follow-up for clinical malaria episodes, confirmed by blood smear or rapid diagnostic testing (97.8% Plasmodium falciparum).
Evaluated associations with baseline demographics and time-varying clinical and hematologic parameters using a modified Cox gap-time model for repeated events.
Absolute neutrophil count was significantly associated with confirmed malaria risk (HR, 1.37 per doubled value; 95% CI, 1.10-1.70; P = .0052), with counts <3.0 × 10^9/L conferring lower incidence.
Mild splenomegaly measuring 1 to 4 cm was associated with an increased malaria risk compared with a nonpalpable spleen (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.41-2.85; P = .0001).

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Implication

Randomized trial reveals reduced malaria risk linked to lower neutrophil counts in children with sickle cell anemia receiving hydroxyurea, suggesting beneficial myelosuppressive effects.

Cite This Study

Olupot‐Olupot et al. (2022) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a907320b71d06dae589e8fe https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2022017051

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Implication

Randomized trial reveals reduced malaria risk linked to lower neutrophil counts in children with sickle cell anemia receiving hydroxyurea, suggesting beneficial myelosuppressive effects.

Hydroxyurea treatment is associated with lower malaria incidence in children with sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

Hydroxyurea treatment is associated with lower malaria incidence in children with sickle cell anemia in sub-Saharan Africa

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

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