Sprouted and Freeze‐Dried Wheat and Oat Seeds – Phytochemical Profile and in Vitro Biological Activities

This research was carried out to study phytochemical profile, in vitro antioxidant capacity, reducing power, anti‐hyperglycemic, anti‐inflammatory activities and simulated gastrointestinal digestion of 7‐day old cereal sprouts: spelt wheat ‘Nirvana’ ( WSS pe), wheat ‘Simonida’ ( WSS im), oat ‘Golozrni’ ( OSG ) and oat ‘Jadar’ ( OSJ ). OSG expressed significantly higher ( P ≤ 0.05) total phenols ( TPC ) and flavonoids content ( TFC ), antioxidant capacities ( DPPH and ABTS assays) and reducing power ( EC 50 DPPH = 2.12 mg/ml; EC 50 ABTS = 0.87 mg/ml; EC 0.5 RP = 12.24 mg/ml) as well as anti‐hyperglycemic activity ( EC 50 AH gA = 0.96 mg/ml). WSS pe had the highest content of chlorophyll (131.23 mg/100 g) and carotenoids (22.84 mg/100 g). WSS im possessed the most potent anti‐inflammatory activity (2.71 mg/ml), though not significantly different from OSG (2.77 mg/ml). The in vitro simulation of gastro‐intestinal digestion showed higher release of phenolic compounds in intestinal than in gastric fluid.