Impedance Cardiography in the Evaluation of Patients with Arterial Hypertension

Arterial hypertension is responsible for high morbidity and mortality. Despite increasing awareness of the consequences of uncontrolled hypertension and the publication of several recommendations and guidelines, blood pressure control rates are suboptimal, and approximately half of the patients do not reach the targets. Defined as an increase in blood pressure, hypertension is characterized by hemodynamic abnormalities in cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, or arterial compliance. Therefore, the approach to arterial hypertension can be improved by the knowledge of the hemodynamics underlying the blood pressure increase. Impedance Cardiography has emerged as a new strategy to customize therapy and monitor patients aiming to improve blood pressure control according to the hemodynamic profile, rather than a blind intensive care approach. This is a review of impedance cardiography evidence, its benefits, actual and future applications in the approach and management of arterial hypertension.