Two methods, based on the guarded electrode technique, are proposed for the determination of volume and surface conductivities. They are suitable for measuring resistances ranging from 10 2 to 10 12 Omega . The so-called bridge method needs a manual balance and gives simultaneously both conductivities. The semi-automatic bridge method does not need a manual balance, but allows the determination of only one of the two conductivities. The accuracy is better than 2% as long as the ratio of volume to surface resistances is less than about 10 3 .
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Zielinger et al. (1973) studied this question.