Mach-Zehnder interferometer formed by a pair of long period fiber gratings on single mode fiber is investigated as surrounding refractive index sensors. Interference fringes with bandwidth of 1.68 nm are induced by core mode and the excited cladding mode. High SRI sensitivity of 280.74 nm/RIU at 1437.74 nm in the range of 1.333 to 1.360 is achieved. Whilst the strain sensitivity (~0.33 nm/mε) and temperature response (~20.7 pm/°C) at 1428.64 nm are relatively low, which is superior in avoiding cross sensitivity in refractive index measurement.
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Zheng et al. (2013) studied this question.
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