The calculation of short-circuit reactance of transformers by complementary variational principles

A T- Omega method for steady magnetic fields is developed. It is able to overcome the difficulties in the implementation of the complementary functional in the complementary variational principles to obtain the upper bound of the reactance and the energy of a magnetic system. The short-circuit reactances of a variety of transformer productions with different structure and different power have been calculated accurately by the method presented. The maximum relative errors of the calculation results are 2% compared with those obtained by experiments.>