A sweet center: Most carbohydrates are supremely comfortable in water. Can they be tempted to leave? Yes, if their new home satisfies all their needs. The water-soluble receptor 1 (R=polycarboxylate) provides hydrophobic surfaces (purple) for CH groups and amide groups (red) for polar substituents. Equatorial substitution is especially well accommodated, and the system duly favors β-glucosyl (2).
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Klein et al. (2004) studied this question.
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