This paper discusses the necessary requirements to be met in an ideal sound pressure measurement standard. It also describes the design and shows the characteristics of a new microphone that meets these requirements to a greater degree than do existing units which are generally available for use as laboratory standards. The new microphone is stiffness-controlled and has an acoustic impedance approximately equal to 0.001 cc of air throughout the entire audio-frequency range up to 20 kc. The structure approximates rigid cylinder 58″ diameter × 1516;″ long and is linear to sound pressure measurements up to several million dynes/cm2.
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Frank Massa (1945) studied this question.