Magnetohydrodynamic flows in nanoliter volumes of solution adjacent to the surface of a 25-μm-radius Pt disk electrode have been imaged with a scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM). Streamline and chaotic flows are imaged with submicrometer resolution. SECM images demonstrate that magnetic field-driven cyclotron flow within a ∼50-μm-radius torus results in spatial focusing of the electrogenerated molecules. SECM images also suggest that natural convective flow resulting from microscopic density gradients can be prevented by adjusting the external magnetic field strength such that magnetic and gravitational forces in the solution cancel one another.
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Ragsdale et al. (1999) studied this question.
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