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Mucosal immunization with the conserved Shigella protein IpaD formulated with the two-component adjuvant IC31® provided protection in the murine lung model. Neither the recombinant IpaD alone nor IC31® with an irrelevant protein antigen was effective. IpaD-specific serum IgG and IgA levels obtained by IC31®-adjuvantation were comparable to those induced by known mucosal adjuvants.
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Nagy et al. (2011) studied this question.
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