Mixed convection flow along an inclined permeable plate: effect of magnetic field, nanolayer conductivity and nanoparticle diameter

Steady, two-dimensional mixed convection boundary layer flow of an incompressible Al₂ O₃ –water nanofluid along an inclined permeable plate in the presence of transverse magnetic field has been examined numerically. The governing equations (Boussinesq approximation) with associated boundary condition are solved using FEM for nanofluid containing spherical-shaped nanoparticles having volume fraction ranging from 1 to 4 %. Static-based model for calculating the effective thermal conductivity at 300 K, proposed by Leong et al. (J Nanopart Res 8:245–254, 2006) and Murshed et al. (Int J Therm Sci 47:560–568, 2008) has been implemented. Effect of various pertinent parameters with different classical and experimental models for effective dynamic viscosity is discussed.