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Summary The southern element in Full‐glacial floras is thought to be primary except for a small number of derived species. The presence of southern plants in conjunction with northern and montane species is explained as the result of the special climate and advantageous open‐ground conditions of the Full‐glacial. A physiognomically steppe‐like vegetation may be recognized as part of the assemblages. The presence of halophytes is related to saline soils, probably developed over permafrost.
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FRANCES G. BELL (1969) studied this question.
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