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Design
Review
Historical perspective on valve prostheses informs current device choices; leaves open optimal pathways for future innovation.
The treatment of heart valve diseases started in 1914 with closed heart procedures. In 1952, the first valvular heart prosthesis was implatanted in the heterotopic position. In almost one century, cardiovascular surgery has progressively evolved in several steps that represented correct answers to upcoming clinical challenges. In this review we retrace the history of heart valve prostheses, from the first steps to the present.
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Russo et al. (2017) studied this question.
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