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Plasma waveguides generated by focusing a moderate intensity laser into neutral gas with an axicon lens can be unstable to the generation of axial modulations in the channel parameters. A model is proposed in which the modulations are due to the nonlinear coupling between the axicon field and a scattered mode in the evolving channel. Good agreement is found with experimental measurements of these modulations.
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Cooley et al. (2006) studied this question.
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