A new apparatus has been developed for studying miscible displacement processes in soils. Within ranges, both the moisture content and the flow rate through the soil can be regulated. The difference between Cl ‐ breakthrough curves on undisturbed cores (taken vertically) and cores packed with air‐dried, 2‐mm sieved soil at moisture contents near saturation was attributed to vertical pathways established in natural soils. At the lower moisture contents of approximately 0.4 cm 3 /cm 3 there was little difference in the breakthrough patterns.
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Elrick et al. (1966) studied this question.