Development of a paper-based tool to predict optimal artificial insemination timing in cows using standing estrus behavior

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

A newly developed paper-based tool that measures ink seepage distance triggered by standing estrus behavior, combined with a temperature-adjusted prediction model, accurately predicts optimal artificial insemination timing in cows and achieves a high conception rate. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.METHODOLOGICAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Kei Horihata; Yuji KAJI; Naoki Takenouchi; Takuo Hojo

doi:10.2508/chikusan.97.121

August 25, 2026Nihon Chikusan GakkaihoOpen Access

Development of a paper-based tool to predict optimal artificial insemination timing in cows using standing estrus behavior

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Key Points

To develop and evaluate a paper-based ink indicator that tracks standing estrus behavior to predict the optimal 6- to 24-hour window for artificial insemination in cattle.
Constructed a time-prediction model based on ink permeation distance and daily mean temperature using the Lucas-Washburn and Andrade equations, parameterized using data from 6 Japanese Black cows.
Validated performance across 33 Japanese Black cows by evaluating first standing estrus timing, estrus detection rate, permeation distance error, artificial insemination timing, and conception outcomes.
The mean absolute error of indicator ink permeation distance was 20.7 mm at 16 hours following the first observed standing estrus behavior.
The tool achieved an estrus detection rate of 87.9% and a post-insemination conception rate of 79.2%.

Implication

Validation study demonstrates high estrus detection and pregnancy rates in Japanese Black cows, indicating a practical tool for artificial insemination timing.

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Cite This Study

Horihata et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9145ead15324a1df3a91e1 https://doi.org/10.2508/chikusan.97.121

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Development of a paper-based tool to predict optimal artificial insemination timing in cows using standing estrus behavior

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Development of a paper-based tool to predict optimal artificial insemination timing in cows using standing estrus behavior

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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