Key result
A short-duration cardiac rehabilitation program significantly improved the control of hypertension (84.5% vs 33.7%), diabetes, and LDL cholesterol compared to standard care in Senegalese patients with coronary artery disease.
Why the study?
Cardiac rehabilitation is underused in Africa, despite its demonstrated cost-effectiveness worldwide, prompting an evaluation of a program in Senegal's first outpatient center in a low-resource context.
Does a short-duration, low-cost cardiac rehabilitation program improve functional capacity and cardiovascular risk factor control in Senegalese patients with coronary artery disease?
Cohort (n=70)
Yes
Does a short-duration, low-cost cardiac rehabilitation program improve functional capacity and cardiovascular risk factor control in Senegalese patients with coronary artery disease?
Absolute Event Rate: 84.5% vs 33.7%
p-value: p=0.003
A short-duration, low-cost cardiac rehabilitation program in a low-resource setting significantly improves functional capacity, cardiovascular risk factor control, and psychosocial well-being in patients with coronary artery disease.
Cardiac rehab feasible in first Senegalese center; hypothesis-generating for low-resource African settings pending larger trials.
Cardiac rehabilitation is still underused in Africa, despite its cost effectiveness widely demonstrated around the world. Aim: To evaluate the results of a cardiac rehabilitation program in the first Senegalese outpatient center in low resource context. Patients and Method: We carried out a prospective and interventional study. It compared on one hand a group of coronary patients at baseline and after 6 months of our rehabilitation program and on the other hand a control group of patients not enrolled in rehabilitation. Results: We included 70 patients (30 in the rehabilitation group and 40 in the control group). After rehabilitation, the functional capacity improved: 6.99 ± 2.9 Mets at M0 vs 8.8 ± 2.23 Mets at M6, p = 0.0001. Patients of intervention group significantly increased motivation to lifestyle changes and knowledge about their disease. We found better control at 6 months of hypertension (84.50% vs 33.70%, p = 0.003), diabetes (70.00% vs 26.70%, p = 0.0042), LDL cholesterol (33.00% vs 5.00%, p = 0.002) in the group “Rehabilitation”. Prevalence of psychosocial issues like anxiety and depression decreased in intervention group: 50.00% at M0 to 23.33% at M3 (p = 0.021), then 30.00% at M6 (p = 0.18). Return to work and resuming sexual activity were not significantly different. Conclusion: Comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program, with low cost equipment in a short duration, could have real benefits in the management of coronary artery disease by reducing anxiety and depression, improving treatment compliance, control of cardiovascular risk factors, lifestyle changes and disease knowledge.
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Ka et al. (2021) conducted a cohort in Coronary Artery Disease (n=70). Cardiac rehabilitation program vs. Regular outpatient visits without rehabilitation was evaluated on Control of hypertension at 6 months (p=0.003). A short-duration cardiac rehabilitation program significantly improved the control of hypertension (84.5% vs 33.7%), diabetes, and LDL cholesterol compared to standard care in Senegalese patients with coronary artery disease.
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