The Letter demonstrates that an active microstrip antenna consisting of a rectangular patch radiator peripherally loaded with a GaAs MESFET can be operated simultaneously as a signal source and as a phase modulator. The experimental and simulated results presented illustrate the degree to which phase modulation can be obtained by applying variable DC bias to the active antenna in the presence of a fundamental frequency injection locking signal.
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Drew et al. (1993) studied this question.
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