Correlation of ferroelectric hysteresis with 33 ferroelastic hysteresis in polyvinylidene fluoride

The ferroelectric and 33 ferroelastic hysteresis of polyvinylidene fluoride were measured simultaneously at a series of increasing maximum electric fields. The ferroelectric hysteresis was measured with a Sawyer-Tower circuit, and the ferroelastic measurement was performed interferometrically. Values of Pr and d 33 were taken from the respective hysteresis curves and the ratio, d 33/Pr , from the experimental data was compared with theoretical predictions from the Purvis-Taylor and Broadhurst models. Also, the highest experimentally obtained value of Pr was compared with the Ps predicted by each of the two models. The Purvis-Taylor prediction was in best agreement with the experimentally observed d 33/Pr although the predictions of both models were low. The Broadhurst prediction of Ps was in best agreement with the observed Pr .