Health Care Consequences of Hospitalization with Clostrioides Difficile Infection: A Propensity Score Matching Study

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Background: Clostridiodies difficile infection (CDI) has been characterized by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) as an urgent public health threat and a major concern in hospital, outpatient and extended-care facilities worldwide.Methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients aged ≥18 hospitalized with CDI in New York State (NYS) between January 1, 2014-December 31, 2016. Data were extracted from NY Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative (SPARCS) and propensity score matching was performed to achieve comparability of the CDI (case) and non-CDI (control) groups. Of the 3,714,486 hospitalizations, 28,874 incidence CDI cases were successfully matched to 28,874 controls.Results: The matched pairs comparison demonstrated that CDI cases were more likely to be readmitted to the hospital at 30 (28.2625.53% vs. 19.4618.55%), 60 (37.65% 34.01% vs. 26.0225.18%), 90 (42.9338.79% vs. 30.4329.70%) and 120 days (46.47%41.99% vs. 33.7432.93%), had greater mortality rates at 7 (3.68 11.18% vs. 2.015.15%) and 180 days (20.5426.56% vs. 11.9614.82%), with significant increases in length of stay and total hospital charges (p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: CDI is associated with a large burden on patients and health care systems, significantly increasing hospital utilization, costs and mortality.