Key result
A new infectious bronchitis virus variant, sharing 81.4% identity with the North American PA/1220/98 variant, was detected in commercial chicken flocks in Poland experiencing egg production problems.
Why the study?
The study was conducted to report the first detection of a new infectious bronchitis virus variant in Polish commercial flocks that differs from previously known variants in the region.
Observational (n=35)
A new infectious bronchitis virus variant, distantly related to known genotypes and causing egg production problems, was identified in Polish chicken flocks.
First detection of a divergent IBV variant in Polish flocks; leaves open its prevalence, pathogenicity, and surveillance needs.
The aim of the present study was to report the first detection of a new infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) variant in Polish commercial flocks which is completely different to any previously known in this region. In 2018, samples from Ross 308 breeding hens aged 35 weeks were delivered for IBV diagnosis. IBV presence was detected, but all attempts to amplify the S gene fragment were negative. The field material was analysed using the Illumina MiSeq platform and a 1073-nt fragment of the S1 coding region was obtained. The gCoV/ck/Poland/516/2018 strain shared only 52.7–58.1% nucleotide identity to any known genotype of IBV and shared the highest identity of 81.4% to the unique North American PA/1220/98 variant. Based on the obtained sequence, a specific molecular test was constructed and used for screening of chicken samples from 35 field cases delivered to our laboratory between 2018 and 2019 for IBV diagnosis. Application of this test enabled detection of another three chicken flocks as positive for this new strain. All positives were identified in commercial layers with egg production problems. To date, the virus has not been detected in broiler chickens. Taking into account the proposed criteria for the definition of a new IBV genotype or lineage, it seems that the detected viruses in Poland, together with the unique North American PA/1220/98 variant, may be classified as separate lineages/genotype in the new IBV classification.RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS The new IBV variant is distantly related to other known GI–GVII IBV genotypes/lineages.It affects long-lived birds causing egg production problems.The detected IBV and the unique North American PA/1220/98 variant are candidates for separate lineages in the new GVIII genotype.
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Domańska-Blicharz et al. (2020) conducted an observational in Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection (n=35). New infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) variant was evaluated on Detection of the new IBV strain. A new infectious bronchitis virus variant, sharing 81.4% identity with the North American PA/1220/98 variant, was detected in commercial chicken flocks in Poland experiencing egg production problems.
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